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Following a minor traumatic brain injury, a person may
return to their previous level of functioning or not.
Some symptoms may remain. The person may look the way
they did before the injury, but something seems different
or wrong.
Symptoms of MTBI
• Fatigue
• Headaches
• Difficulty concentrating
• Loss of memory, vision, hearing, or movement
• Seizures or short period of “absence”
• Increased irritability and/or difficulty
with anger management
• Depression and anxiety
MTBI may decrease the amount of blood flow to areas of
the brain producing symptoms. Also, small tears due to
jostling of the brain during the trauma may result in
decreased communication between parts of the brain. Slow
brainwave activity, associated with sleep and daydreaming,
tends to increase following trauma and is associated with
decreased blood flow (Fisch, 2000). Neurofeedback helps
decrease the amount of these brainwaves returning the
brain to more normal functioning.
Neurofeedback can be used to decrease the following
symptoms associated with MTBI
• Vision (Nash, 1997), headaches
(Nash, 1997; Packard et al, 1997)
• Energy level (Ayers, 1997) and sleep (Salerno,
1997)
• Cognitive functioning (Hamilton, 1997;
Packard et al, 1997)
• Attention (Salerno, 1997; Stathopoulou
& Lubar, 2000
• Emotional functioning (Salerno, 1997)
• Auditory and visual memory (Stathopoulou
& Lubar, 2000).
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